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Drawdown Chart

Trace how far a strategy sits below its prior peak, day by day.

What is a drawdown chart?

A drawdown chart, sometimes called an underwater curve, plots the percentage a portfolio sits below its highest previous value at every point in time. It is zero whenever the equity curve makes a new high and dips negative during every decline. By showing depth and duration together, it exposes the peak-to-trough losses an investor would actually have lived through — information a rising equity line alone conceals.

Underwater Drawdown Curvedrawdown

Illustrative underwater drawdown curve derived from a synthetic equity path. Data is for demonstration only.

An equity curve tells you where a strategy ended up; a drawdown chart tells you what it felt like to hold along the way. By re-anchoring to the running peak, the underwater curve reveals every decline's depth and how long recovery took. This tool renders a drawdown series from a sample equity path.

Depth versus duration

Drawdowns have two dimensions that matter independently. Depth is how far equity falls below its peak — a −25% trough is far harder to hold than a −8% dip. Duration is how long it stays underwater before reclaiming the high. A shallow but grindingly long drawdown can be as demoralising as a sharp, quick one, and the underwater chart is the only view that displays both at once.

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The time-under-water dimension is chronically underappreciated. Two strategies can share the same maximum drawdown yet differ enormously in recovery time; the one that spends eighteen months clawing back is psychologically brutal even if the trough was identical. Plotting the full underwater curve, rather than quoting a single worst number, keeps that recovery cost visible.

Why drawdowns drive real behaviour

Investors rarely abandon a strategy at the top; they capitulate at the bottom of a drawdown, when the underwater curve is at its lowest and confidence is thinnest. Understanding a strategy's typical drawdown profile before committing capital is therefore a behavioural safeguard as much as a statistical one. Sizing a position so its expected drawdown stays within your tolerance is what keeps you invested long enough to earn the return.

How Quadesto computes it

Quadesto derives the underwater curve from your equity or NAV column by tracking a running maximum and expressing each point as its percentage distance below that peak. The computation is exact and updates automatically as new data arrives. Plot it beneath your equity curve, as shown above, and embed it so stakeholders see the risk profile, not just the headline return.

Build this with your own data

Upload a CSV or connect a live source, and Quadesto renders this exact chart — styled, computed, and embeddable in your reports and newsletters. Free to start.

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Frequently asked questions

How is drawdown calculated?
At each point, drawdown is the percentage difference between the current value and the highest value reached earlier: (current − running peak) / running peak. It is zero at new highs and negative during declines. The most negative reading over the whole period is the maximum drawdown.
What is a good maximum drawdown?
There is no universal number — it depends on strategy and risk tolerance. A conservative allocation might target single-digit drawdowns; an aggressive equity strategy could tolerate 30% or more. What matters is that the drawdown you would actually endure matches the risk you signed up for.
What is the difference between drawdown and volatility?
Volatility measures the dispersion of returns around their average, treating up and down moves symmetrically. Drawdown measures only downside — how far you fall from a peak. Two strategies with equal volatility can have very different drawdown profiles, which is why both are worth watching.
Why does the underwater chart matter?
It shows both how deep declines went and how long they lasted, the two things that actually test an investor's resolve. A rising equity curve hides this; the underwater view makes the lived experience of holding a strategy explicit and comparable across strategies.
Can I chart drawdown from my own returns?
Yes. Upload an equity or NAV series to Quadesto and the engine computes the running drawdown automatically. Plot it as an underwater chart, pair it with the equity curve, and embed both in performance reports.